1. “after”當Prep的頻率最高,
意思是“(時間上)在…以後”+“(空間上)在…後面”+“(其他方面的)跟隨在…之後”
e.g.
I went to a cocktail party after work.
(下班後我去參加一個雞尾酒會) ((時間上)在…以後)
e.g.
She entered the hall after her mother.
(她跟隨在她母親之後進入廳內) ((空間上)在…後面)
e.g. A
captain comes after a major. (上尉軍銜低於少校) (位階跟在其後)
e.g.
This is a painting after Picasso. (這是一幅仿畢卡索的畫) (在動作上跟在其後模仿)
e.g.
The kid was named after his grandfather.
(這孩子是以他祖父的名字命名的) (跟在其後命名)(“name after X”以X為名)
2. “after”也常常當Conj, 用來連接子句, 意思是“在…之後”
e.g.
I will tell you after they leave. (他們走後我再告訴你)
e.g.
After we left, we realized we had forgotten to say thank you.
(我們離開後才意識到忘了道謝)
3. “after”也可以當Adv, 意思是“之後/以後/隨後”
e.g.
They arrived shortly after. (不久以後他們抵達了)
e.g. Tom went on Monday, and Mary left the day after.
(湯姆星期一走的, 瑪麗一天以後(第二天)就離開了)
e.g. the day after下一天/隔天/翌日,
the week after下一週/隔週,
the year after下一年/隔年
4. “after”還可以當A, 意思是“以後的”+“後部的”
e.g.
His health was declining in after years. (在以後的歲月, 他的健康不斷衰退)
e.g.
A few passengers would have a stroll on the after deck before the evening meal.
(幾位乘客將在晚飯前到後甲板上散步)
5. , “after”甚至可以當N, 但要用複數型態“afters”,
意思是“正餐的最後一道菜/餐後水果或甜食”
e.g.
There's fruit salad for afters. (甜點是水果沙拉)
就Adv的用法而言, “after”跟“afterward/afterwards”有何不同嗎?
當“after”是Adv時, 就跟“afterward/afterwards”的意義/用法相同了
e.g.
They had a walk and went for dinner afterward/afterwards/after.
(他們散步了一下, 之後就去用餐了)
e.g.
Let's have lunch now; and perhaps we could go for a walk afterward/afterwards/after.
(我們現在吃午飯吧, 吃完也許可以去散散步)
